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Oakdale was an unincorporated rural residential village established in 1908〔"Iowa Official Register" (1909-10) Office of the Secretary of State, State of Iowa, Des Moines, p268〕〔Hibbs, Bob, "Iowa City" (2010) Arcadia Publishing "Postcard History Series", p15-16 including four photographs〕 by the State of Iowa as a statewide treatment center for tuberculosis (TB) in rural Johnson County, located about five miles northwest of central Iowa City and now a part of Coralville, immediately adjacent to the community of North Liberty.〔"Iowa Official Register" (1906) Office of the Secretary of State, State of Iowa, Des Moines, p231-234〕 The site was chosen for its remoteness, its location along a railroad,〔Mansheim, Gerald "Iowa City, an illustrated history" (1989) The Donning Co publishers p157 and photograph p158〕 and its proximity to University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics in Iowa City. As a partially self-sustaining community, Oakdale included a depot on the Cedar Rapids and Iowa City Railway (CRandIC) line,〔Hibbs, Bob, "Saturday Postcard 194: Oakdale State Tuberculosis Sanatorium" (2003) Johnson County IAGenWeb Project, on line at http://iagenweb.org/johnson/PostcardHibbs/postcard12.htm〕 power plant, several residential patient and staff buildings, pharmacy, postal, and administrative units, as well as associated facilities to support varied farming operations intended to help sustain the institution, including a large dairy. Treatment protocols during much of Oakdale's more than half-century of operation included a regimen of rest, fresh air year around,〔Hibbs, Bob "Iowa City" (2010) Arcadia Publishing "Postcard History Series" p15 photo〕 and a nutritious diet. Before its naming in 1839, TB had been called "consumption" during much of its 4,500-year history as a human disease dating from Babylonian writings and Egyptian mummies. Beginning with just eight patients but ending its first year with 45 in residence,〔 growth at Oakdale forced repeated expansions,〔Hibbs, Bob, "Iowa City, a sense of place, Volume II" (2006) Iowa City Press-Citizen publisher, p143〕 including a major one during 1926. Size of the associated farm ground also was increased to nearly 500 acres (200 hectares) from an original 280 acres (110 hectares). Its patient census peaked during the 1940s at about 400. Improving public health standards and development of the first drug cure for TB in 1944 caused Oakdale usage to decline and the facility was morphed briefly into an alcohol treatment center about 1960 as alternate uses were sought. The entire facility and land were transferred to University of Iowa ownership in 1965,〔Mansheim, Gerald "Iowa City, an illustrated history" (1989) The Donning Co publishers p186〕 and the last tuberculosis patient was transferred to University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics in 1981.〔Scott, John Beldon and Lehnertz, Rodney P. "The University of Iowa Guide to Campus Architecture" (2006) The University of Iowa Press p204〕 The university established its Agricultural Medical Research Facility at Oakdale in 1966 as the first step of a major evolution of this rural satellite campus, which now also houses the State Hygienic Laboratory in a new facility, as well as the university's 197-acre Oakdale Research Park, where, among many other facilities, the National Advanced Driving Simulator〔Scott, John Beldon and Lehnertz, Rodney P. "The University of Iowa Guide to Campus Architecture" (2006) The University of Iowa Press p210〕 is located. A separate entity that also carries the Oakdale name because of its proximity but was never a part of historic Oakdale, the Iowa prison system's Iowa Medical and Classification Center is located immediately across the road from the main Oakdale campus. The facility was opened in 1969 on slightly more than 50 acres (20 hectares) and now has more than 500 beds. It includes prison system entry from all parts of Iowa, plus the statewide prisoner medical treatment and psychiatric units. It also houses a maximum security facility. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oakdale, Iowa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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